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Identifier<\/b>: scientificapplie00krae
Title<\/b>: Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists<\/a>
Year<\/b>: 1920<\/a> (1920s<\/a>)
Authors<\/b>: Kraemer, Henry, 1868-1924<\/a>
Subjects<\/b>: Pharmacognosy<\/a>
Publisher<\/b>: New York, Wiley<\/a>
Contributing Library<\/b>: The Library of Congress<\/a>
Digitizing Sponsor<\/b>: The Library of Congress<\/a><\/p>\n
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About This Book<\/b>: Catalog Entry<\/a>
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s, attaininga length of 20 cm.; bark about 1 mm. in thickness; outer surfacedark grayish-brown with numerous elliptical brown lenticels andgrayish patches of foliaceous lichens with their small brownish-blackapothecia; inner surface light brown, obscurely longitudinally striate,and with usually more or less of a thin layer of wood adhering; frac-ture short-fibrous, uneven; odor slight; taste astringent, bitter. Inner Structure.\u2014See Fig. 176. Powder.\u2014Grayish-brown, consisting of numerous coarse fibrousfragments; bast fibers having strongly lignified walls and associatedwith crystal fibers, each cell containing a monoclinic prism of calciumoxalate about 0.010 mm. in diameter; numerous fragments of yellow-ish-brown or dark brown cork cells; calcium oxalate either in paren-chyma cells or isolated, mostly in monoclinic prisms varying from MAPLE 413 0.010 to 0.050 mm. in diameter; stone cells occasional, very irregularin outline and very unevenly thickened; starch grains relatively few,<\/i><\/p>\n
Fig. 176.\u2014Acer spicatum: A, transverse section of bark showing cork (K); anarrow row of thick-walled, tangentially elongated cells (C); cortical paren-chyma (P); calcium oxalate (Ca); bast fibers (Bf); separation of cells (Br);medullary rays (M). B, fragments of powdered drug showing short bastfibers (Bf); parenchyma (P); calcium oxalate (Ca) and cork (E). C,tangential section, showing medullary rays (M); calcium oxalate (Ca);parenchyma (P); bast fibers (Bf).\u2014Drawing by Haase. occurring in compound aggregates, the individual grains being from0.003 mm. to 0.010 mm. in diameter. 414 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY Constituents.\u2014Acer spicatum contains a substance which gives acrimson color with ammonia and which may be similar to the emo-din of the common cathartic drugs. It also contains a principlewhich gives a blue color with ferrous sulphate solution similar tothat obtained with rhubarb. (St. John, Am. Jour. Pharm., 1917,89, p. 10.) Literature.\u2014Farwell, Bull, of Pharm.,<\/i><\/p>\n
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