{"id":170539,"date":"2020-10-30T03:34:41","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T01:34:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/the-angolan-dancers-who-helped-south-african-anthem-jerusalema-go-global\/"},"modified":"2020-10-30T03:34:41","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T01:34:41","slug":"the-angolan-dancers-who-helped-south-african-anthem-jerusalema-go-global","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/the-angolan-dancers-who-helped-south-african-anthem-jerusalema-go-global\/","title":{"rendered":"The Angolan dancers who helped South African anthem Jerusalema go global"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/the-angolan-dancers-who-helped-south-african-anthem-jerusalema-go-global.jpg\" class=\"ff-og-image-inserted\"><\/div>\n<p>In February the Angolan dance troupe Phenomenos do Semba created the <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/jerusalemadancechallenge?f=video\">viral<\/a> #JerusalemaDanceChallenge <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=613A9d6Doac&amp;feature=emb_title\">video<\/a> that showed off their dance moves to the South African <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rollingstone.com\/pro\/news\/jerusalema-global-dance-hit-south-africa-spotify-1076474\/\">hit<\/a> song <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fCZVL_8D048&amp;feature=emb_title\"><em>Jerusalema<\/em><\/a>. Their video is set in a backyard in Luanda, where they break into a group dance, all the while eating lunch from plates in their hands. <\/p>\n<p>In the age of coronavirus, the #JerusalemaDanceChallenge video <a href=\"https:\/\/scroll.in\/article\/975720\/jerusalema-why-a-south-african-song-has-become-the-soundtrack-to-a-world-in-lockdown\">generated<\/a> a counter-contagion. Almost overnight everyone from police departments in Africa to priests in Europe were posting their own <em>Jerusalema<\/em> dance videos that repeated the choreography. <\/p>\n<p>The challenge videos were swept along in a message of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theelephant.info\/ideas\/2020\/10\/16\/another-now-why-the-jerusalema-dance-challenge-reveals-a-longing-to-re-imagine-the-world\/\">hope<\/a> condensed in the single word \u201cJerusalema\u201d and amplified through an electronic beat that its creator, Johannesburg-based musician and producer <a href=\"https:\/\/briefly.co.za\/32929-master-kg-biography-age-real-awards-songs-albums.html\">Master KG<\/a>, describes as \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hWzu9REdiz8\">spiritual<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Putting together this beat in November 2019, he invited South African gospel vocalist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2020\/oct\/07\/nomcebo-the-voice-behind-jerusalema-south-africas-global-hit\">Nomcebo Zikode<\/a> to interpret it lyrically. The magic isiZulu phrase \u201cJerusalema, ikhaya lami\u201d (Jerusalem is my home) arose through their jamming. Then the Angolans provided an irresistible choreography, and the rest is history. <\/p>\n<p>The Angolan dance routine is both just repetitive enough to be picked up and just varied enough to tease. Videos flew around the world on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/tag\/jerusalemadancechallenge?source=h5_m\">TikTok<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/jerusalemadancechallenge\/?hl=en\">Instagram<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=2653686454852808\">Facebook<\/a>. Like the urge to dance to \u201cthe earliest Ragtime songs\u201d described by Ishmael Reed in his novel <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/booksblog\/2017\/aug\/01\/mumbo-jumbo-a-penguin-classic-2017-ishmael-reed\">Mumbo Jumbo<\/a><\/em>, the dance challenge, too, \u201cjes grew\u201d. <\/p>\n<figure> <span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/613A9d6Doac?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Angolan troupe Fenomenos do Semba\u2019s Jerusalema dance challenge.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>The gift of moving collectively<\/h2>\n<p>So how did it \u201cjust grow\u201d? <\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe are happy to bring the joy of dance to the whole world through this marvellous dance,\u201d (Estamos felizes por levar a alegria da dan\u00e7a para o mundo inteiro atraves desta dan\u00e7a maravilhosa) Phenomenos do Semba declare in Portuguese on their Facebook <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/fenomenosdosemba\/?ref=page_internal\">page<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>What they call \u201calegria da dan\u00e7a\u201d (the joy of the dance) can also be read as \u201calegropolitics\u201d or joy pressed out from trauma and dehumanisation. Historically, enslavement, colonialism, commodification and a continuing threat to Black life brings forth Afro-Atlantic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/14788810.2019.1708159\">expressive culture <\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>This is seen from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.riocarnaval.org\/rio-carnival\/what-is\">carnivals<\/a> to the viral <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@travelinghopper\/what-is-dont-rush-challenge-7bb392c7095b\">Don\u2019t Rush Challenge<\/a>, started during coronavirus lockdowns by a group of <a href=\"https:\/\/techpoint.africa\/2020\/04\/17\/interview-with-nigerian-co-creator-of-the-dont-rush-challenge\/\">African heritage<\/a> women where each dances to a hip-hop song and uses technology to \u201cpass\u201d a makeup brush to another. <\/p>\n<hr>\n<p> <em> <strong> Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-viral-song-jerusalema-joined-the-ranks-of-south-africas-greatest-hits-148781\">How viral song Jerusalema joined the ranks of South Africa&#8217;s greatest hits<\/a> <\/strong> <\/em>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>This gift to the world is the secret of moving collectively. Not in cookie-cutter unison but through individual response to poly-rhythmic Africanist aesthetic principles that are held together by a master-structure. Dancing in this way is resistance, incorporating kinetic and rhythmic principles that circulated initially around the Atlantic rim (including the Americas, Europe, the Caribbean and Africa). It connects and revitalises by enacting an embodied memory of resistance to enslavement. <\/p>\n<p>The <em>Jerusalema<\/em> dance challenge is an example of how dance enables convivencia (living together). It is a line dance (animation in French, anima\u00e7\u00e3o in Portuguese, animaci\u00f3n in Spanish) that enlivens parties through simple choreography that makes people dance together. Routines involve directional movement enabled by switching of feet, with dancers turning 90 degrees to repeat the choreography. Syncopated steps create enjoyable tension, and more and more people can join as the routine repeats itself till the song ends.<\/p>\n<h2>Viral African line dances<\/h2>\n<p>Many internet-driven <a href=\"https:\/\/www.redbull.com\/za-en\/music\/a-history-of-afropop-dance-crazes\">line dances<\/a> have emerged in response to songs such as <em>Jerusalema<\/em>. Created by popular music producers in Africa, they are often operating with limited resources and responding to national music trends that also have a pan-continental appeal. Think of Ghanaian <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2012\/sep\/03\/ghana-azonto-dance-craze-world\">azonto<\/a>, Nigerian <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wonderlandmagazine.com\/2020\/05\/21\/best-afrobeats-dances-lockdown\/\">Afro-beat<\/a>; Angolan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/therecord\/2012\/12\/26\/167628341\/kuduro-the-dance-that-keeps-angola-going\">kuduro<\/a>; South African <a href=\"https:\/\/www.okayafrica.com\/south-african-house-songs-10-best\/\">house<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>The dances that develop from the music start out local but can spread from country to country. Choreographies to Ghanaian azonto hits, for example, are taught by dance instructors from Accra when they\u2019re visiting dance clubs in Cotonou in Benin \u2013 as I experienced during years of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.modernmoves.org.uk\/ouidah-memory-movement-pythons-mermaids-ananya-kabir\/\">dance research<\/a> in West Africa.<\/p>\n<figure> <span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fCZVL_8D048?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">The official Jerusalema video, viewed over 200 million times to date.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Videos shared via WhatsApp also enable such \u201curban\u201d dance styles to jump borders. This is how a member of Phenomenos do Semba received a sample of <em>Jerusalema<\/em> from South African friends and shared it with his team. According to group leader Adilson Maiza, they loved it as soon as they heard it. To create a line dance choreography to a song from Johannesburg, these dancers from Luanda dipped freely into the vast reservoir of different African accents of dancing to Afro-beat music.<\/p>\n<h2>Angola\u2019s rich dance culture<\/h2>\n<p>These accents include their own. Angola\u2019s rich social dance culture has gone global through the couple dances <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/dance-card\/what-is-kizomba-b6700eaa063d\">kizomba<\/a> and the more upbeat <a href=\"http:\/\/socialdancecommunity.com\/9-reasons-you-should-be-dancing-semba\/\">semba<\/a>. A DJ will periodically break up dancing couples with a track that unites the crowd through line dance routines that gesture to the Angolan music and dance style <a href=\"https:\/\/theculturetrip.com\/europe\/portugal\/lisbon\/articles\/a-brief-introduction-to-kuduro\/\">kuduro<\/a>: hyper-exaggerated, angular, dexterous, sardonic. Kuduro steps are hard. To make the routines easier to pick up, they\u2019re mixed with generic Afro-beat dance steps.<\/p>\n<p>Maiza asserts that the <em>Jerusalema<\/em> choreography mixes kuduro and Afro-beat. Others in the Angolan dance scene disagree, pointing to videos of South African <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/stage\/2018\/oct\/08\/pantsula-dance-south-africa-via-kanana\">pantsula<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/music\/2011\/aug\/11\/kwaito-south-africa-house\">kwaito<\/a> that reveal similar footwork. Master KG himself <a href=\"http:\/\/www.novojornal.co.ao\/cultura\/interior\/jerusalema-tornou-se-um-fenomeno-musical-planetario-gracas-a-um-video-feito-por-jovens-angolanos-reconhece-o-autor-94679.html\">declared<\/a> that what the Angolan group made viral was a South African dance style popular at celebrations. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.novojornal.co.ao\/cultura\/interior\/jerusalema-tornou-se-um-fenomeno-musical-planetario-gracas-a-um-video-feito-por-jovens-angolanos-reconhece-o-autor-94679.html\">Citing him<\/a>, magazine <em>Novo Jornal<\/em> observes that the <em>Jerusalema<\/em> choreography nonetheless transmits an undeniable Angolan touch. It\u2019s what Maiza interprets as signature \u201cginga e banga Angolana\u201d (Angolan sway and swag).<\/p>\n<p>Ginga, banga, kizomba, semba, kuduro: all Angolan words for dance styles and attitudes that, like line dances, emerge from long circum-Atlantic conversations. Line dances criss-cross the Atlantic, complicating the line between recognition and appropriation. The Danza Kuduro dance was set to a Spanish-language song responding to a Puerto Rican hit. There was the Macarena dance (Spain and Venezuela) and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/stage\/2020\/jun\/11\/how-the-electric-slide-became-the-black-lives-matter-protest-dance\">Electric Slide<\/a> (US and Jamaica).<\/p>\n<h2>A way to build community<\/h2>\n<p>Instead of understanding the <em>Jerusalema<\/em> dance challenge as an intra-African phenomenon, it\u2019s maybe more useful to understand it in terms of ongoing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/art-terms\/c\/creolisation\">creolisation<\/a> processes \u2013 a mixing of cultures \u2013 that spiral around the Atlantic rim. Multi-directional, unpredictable, but always innovative, creolisation is the motor of the \u201calegropolitics\u201d of African-heritage music and dance. If the Angolan video popularised the South African anthem, this is a collaborative and competitive creolising phenomenon.<\/p>\n<p>As Phenomenos do Semba morph effortlessly from eating together to dancing together, they draw on deep and resonant reservoirs of Afro-Atlantic survival through joy. The dancers\u2019 hangout is the Angolan quintal or backyard, a hub of activity during long, curfewed nights of unending <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/article\/angolan-civil-war-1975-2002-brief-history\">civil war<\/a>. However, they are eating cachupa, a typical Cape Verdean dish frequently used as a symbol for creolisation. <\/p>\n<p>Like the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/stage\/2020\/jun\/11\/how-the-electric-slide-became-the-black-lives-matter-protest-dance\">revival of line dances<\/a> during the Black Lives Matter protests, <em>Jerusalema<\/em> went viral during the coronavirus pandemic because the dance challenge enacted a simple way to connect and build community: especially at a time when people were hungering for these possibilities. <\/p>\n<p>A South African singer\u2019s call, \u201cZuhambe nami\u201d (join me) was realised through an Angolan dance group\u2019s brainwave to use cachupa to demonstrate that, in Maiza\u2019s words: <\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>It is possible to be happy with little: we party with very little.<br \/>\n(\u00c9 poss\u00edvel ser feliz mesmo com pouco: com pouco fizemos a nossa festa.)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>And, with just the resources of the body, the locked-down world partied too, for the duration of the dance.<\/p>\n<p><em>Obrigada to Nikolett Hamvas, Adilson Maiza, Rui Djassi Morac\u00e9n.<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/africa\/\">Source: The Conversation<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In February the Angolan dance troupe Phenomenos do Semba created the viral #JerusalemaDanceChallenge video that showed off their dance moves to the South African hit song Jerusalema. Their video is set in a backyard in Luanda, where they break into a group dance, all the while eating lunch from plates in their hands. In the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":170540,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4584],"tags":[3257],"class_list":{"0":"post-170539","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-africa-news-2","8":"tag-mypr","9":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/the-angolan-dancers-who-helped-south-african-anthem-jerusalema-go-global.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170539","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=170539"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170539\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/170540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=170539"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=170539"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=170539"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}