{"id":188594,"date":"2021-05-11T20:01:16","date_gmt":"2021-05-11T18:01:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/book-shows-the-folly-of-painting-mandela-as-either-saint-or-sellout\/"},"modified":"2021-05-11T20:01:16","modified_gmt":"2021-05-11T18:01:16","slug":"book-shows-the-folly-of-painting-mandela-as-either-saint-or-sellout","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/book-shows-the-folly-of-painting-mandela-as-either-saint-or-sellout\/","title":{"rendered":"Book shows the folly of painting Mandela as either saint or sellout"},"content":{"rendered":"

There are two widely available views of Nelson Mandela<\/a>, the first post-apartheid president of South Africa. The first is a reverential and uncritical celebration of his life and achievements. It resonated in the obituaries and eulogies when Mandela died in December 2013<\/a>. <\/p>\n

Madiba (his clan name) was \u201csent by God\u201d<\/a>, said Irish newspaper magnate Tony O\u2019Reilly, who\u2019s said to have been a friend of Mandela\u2019s. His purchase of South Africa\u2019s then largest newspaper company, Argus Newspapers, was made possible by Mandela\u2019s support<\/a>. Former American president Barack Obama declared that<\/a> Mandela<\/p>\n

\n

changed the arc of history, transforming his country, the continent and the world.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

A second prevailing view is hostile and dismissive. By 2015, a reputation that had appeared invincible was being shredded in some media outlets, on the streets and especially on university campuses across South Africa. The critique centred on the 1994 negotiated settlement<\/a> that ended apartheid. It accused Mandela of betraying<\/a> the black majority to appease the economically powerful white minority<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Both narratives \u2013 Mandela as secular saint or Mandela as sellout \u2013 are poor history. The suggestion that Mandela single-handedly achieved democracy is as intellectually threadbare as its mirror image: that he was responsible for the failure to transform social and economic relations after 1994.<\/p>\n

Our edited collection, Reassessing Mandela<\/a><\/em>, provides a scholarly counterweight to the two polarised positions. It attempts to begin the task of revisiting the canonical biographies, rethinking aspects of Mandela\u2019s life and his politics, and evaluating how he is and should be remembered.<\/p>\n

Reassessing Mandela<\/h2>\n

The first aspect of Mandela\u2019s life reassessed in the book is his family and its background, his childhood and youth, and his Thembu lineage. Two chapters \u2013 by the late Phil Bonner<\/a> and by Xolela Mangcu<\/a> \u2013 complement one another in intriguing ways. Both historians remind us that Mandela\u2019s 1994 autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom<\/a><\/em>, is an unreliable text. Some of its flaws are replicated in the work of others. <\/p>\n

Bonner\u2019s archivally based chapter corrects some of the shaky chronology in Long Walk<\/em>. It identifies Mandela\u2019s father Gadla Mandela as \u201ca significant if little recognised historical figure\u201d but shows that Mandela\u2019s own account of his father defying the white magistrate cannot be read as history. <\/p>\n

Mangcu\u2019s chapter challenges Mandela\u2019s own account of his descent. He locates him within a history of the Thembu royal house\u2019s \u201cpragmatic co-operation\u201d with colonial rule. Mandela did not mention this. <\/p>\n

Mangcu emphasises the history of \u201cAfrican political modernity\u201d in the Transkei<\/a>, a territory comprising a number of African kingdoms and chiefdoms annexed in the 19th century. He also considers Gadla\u2019s role in the local administrative body (Bungha), where he is portrayed as resisting both missionary influence and colonial regulations.<\/p>\n

Bonner and Mangcu underline the complexity of \u201cindirect rule\u201d in the Transkei. They correct the tendency to discuss Mandela\u2019s early years through a lens of rural nostalgia.<\/p>\n

Mandela\u2019s political activism<\/h2>\n

A second broad area of reassessment emerges from three chapters which consider Mandela\u2019s relationship with the South African Communist Party (SACP)<\/a>, his activism and especially his leadership in underground politics. Tom Lodge<\/a> produces a fine-grained account of Mandela\u2019s \u201cassociation with South Africa\u2019s communist left\u201d. His is a study of friendships and social networks, of left-wing readings and writings, and of political alliances and tactics.<\/p>\n

Paul Landau<\/a>\u2019s chapter focuses on the period between the 1960 Sharpeville massacre<\/a> of black protesters by apartheid police, and Mandela\u2019s arrest in August 1962<\/a>. It traces the efforts to implement the M-Plan<\/a> \u2013 a template for an underground structure of the liberation movement, the African National Congress (ANC). <\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Mandela and a small group of like-minded colleagues sought to use the plan to transform the ANC into a militant vanguard movement willing to employ violence against the state.<\/p>\n

Thula Simpson\u2019s chapter reconsiders Mandela\u2019s role as commander-in-chief of umKhonto we Sizwe<\/a>, (an armed wing set up by the ANC and SACP). He suggests that its campaign of urban sabotage was more effective than generally acknowledged. <\/p>\n

Three other chapters cast new light on different aspects of Mandela\u2019s life: his marriage to Winnie Madikizela-Mandela; his years in jail on Robben Island, and his role in the human rights discourse that shaped South Africa\u2019s new constitution<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Shireen Hassim<\/a> provides a compelling rereading of<\/p>\n

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one of the most iconic political marriages in history. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

First, she establishes Mandela\u2019s wife Winnie\u2019s own political career and significance. She says it offered \u201ca form of intimate political leadership\u201d to young activists. Secondly, she explores the complex relationship between Winnie\u2019s political trajectory and Nelson\u2019s, and how a widening political divide accompanied the breakdown of the marriage.<\/p>\n

Martha Evans<\/a> examines four visits by journalists to Robben Island between 1964 and 1977, their interactions with Mandela and their published accounts. She discusses Mandela\u2019s capacity to capitalise on brief contacts from an apparent position of weakness, and shows how incarceration enhanced his iconic status.<\/p>\n

Recalibrating Mandela<\/h2>\n

These chapters are book-ended by Colin Bundy\u2019s introduction and Elleke Boehmer<\/a>\u2019s postscript. Boehmer explores how memories of Mandela are constructed and contested, and what fresh interpretations can teach us. <\/p>\n

This collection treats Mandela not as an individual miracle-maker or traitor to the cause of transformation. It shows him as one political actor, alongside a multitude of others, within complex political and social forces. <\/p>\n

It suggests that scholarship on Mandela will continue to explore and explain his politics and his ability to assert leadership. It will also continue to explore the contradictions and continuities of his personal makeup, and his determination over decades to bring people together. All this, while negotiating the corrugated terrain of race and identity in South Africa.<\/p>\n

Source: The Conversation<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There are two widely available views of Nelson Mandela, the first post-apartheid president of South Africa. The first is a reverential and uncritical celebration of his life and achievements. It resonated in the obituaries and eulogies when Mandela died in December 2013. Madiba (his clan name) was \u201csent by God\u201d, said Irish newspaper magnate Tony […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":188595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4584],"tags":[3257],"class_list":{"0":"post-188594","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-africa-news-2","8":"tag-mypr","9":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/book-shows-the-folly-of-painting-mandela-as-either-saint-or-sellout.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=188594"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188594\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/188595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=188594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=188594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=188594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}