{"id":92531,"date":"2017-05-08T02:47:42","date_gmt":"2017-05-08T00:47:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/zumas-attack-on-capital-is-digging-south-africa-into-a-deeper-hole-the-conversation\/"},"modified":"2017-05-08T02:47:42","modified_gmt":"2017-05-08T00:47:42","slug":"zumas-attack-on-capital-is-digging-south-africa-into-a-deeper-hole-the-conversation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/zumas-attack-on-capital-is-digging-south-africa-into-a-deeper-hole-the-conversation\/","title":{"rendered":"Zuma’s attack on capital is digging South Africa into a deeper hole | The Conversation"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zuma’s attack on capital is digging South Africa into a deeper hole<\/a>: <\/p>\n

<\/span> REUTERS\/James Oatway<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

South Africa\u2019s governing party, the African National Congress, is adopting a dangerous political approach used in failing states like Algeria, Zimbabwe and Venezuela. Its aim is to deflect attention from its policy failures and from numerous scandals surrounding President Jacob Zuma, his family and the politically connected Gupta network.<\/p>\n

The approach was allegedly crafted by Bell Pottinger, a London based public relations firm. It focuses on two concepts. <\/p>\n

The first is the term \u201cwhite monopoly capital\u201d. The phrase broadly refers to control of the economy by apartheid beneficiary capitalist oligopolies at the expense of South Africa\u2019s black majority. <\/p>\n

Accompanying it is the term \u201cradical economic transformation\u201d. This is defined differently by various senior government officials. But is understood to mean rapidly changing the economy\u2019s ownership, control, and production patterns in favour of the previously disadvantaged.<\/p>\n

However, beyond damaging South Africa\u2019s social fabric, framing the country\u2019s current economic impasse in such a dichotomous politically charged way has negative consequences. <\/p>\n

Firstly it distracts attention from the private sector\u2019s real sins. This makes it more difficult to objectively hold business to account for its own nefarious activities. These include tender fraud, collusion, price fixing, fronting, illicit capital flows and tax evasion. Framing the discourse as \u201cwhite monopoly capital\u201d muddies the waters. It becomes unclear whether exposing private sector crimes is merely a politically motivated assault, or an attempt to uphold the law. <\/p>\n

Secondly the ongoing rhetoric will further damage the chances of economic recovery. This is because it will deter long-term domestic and international investment. It will also encourage companies to move their capital elsewhere and use complex tax avoidance mechanisms.<\/p>\n

Thirdly trumpeting vacuous slogans is also unlikely to raise the prospects of credible policies that will deal with the country\u2019s structural challenges.<\/p>\n

Populist slogans don\u2019t fix structural challenges<\/h2>\n

Over the last two decades South Africa has failed to modernise its labour and education systems. This has meant limited success in rolling back poverty, inequality and unemployment. As a result the country has one of the highest unemployment rates and gini coefficients in the world.<\/p>\n

The structural problems in the education system have resulted in poorly prepared senior school and university graduates. This is despite the number of children attending school increasing exponentially since compulsory education was introduced in 1994. <\/p>\n

Consequently, the country is poorly positioned to take advantage of the \u201cfourth industrial revolution\u201d. This is broadly understood as a range of new technologies that fuse the physical, digital and biological worlds. <\/p>\n

Making things worse is the failure to adopt industrial policies to diversify the country\u2019s export mix away from commodities to more sophisticated beneficiation and manufacturing activities. Commodities such as gold, platinum and coal, thus continue to comprise a significant portion of the country\u2019s export earnings. <\/p>\n

Although the services-based sectors have given rise to an emerging middle class, this new wealth is largely debt-fueled and consumption driven. This limits savings, capital accumulation and class mobility for most of the population. <\/p>\n

What\u2019s at stake<\/h2>\n

In mid-2017 the rating agency Moody\u2019s will review South Africa\u2019s sovereign credit rating. This comes after two recent downgrades by global credit rating agencies S&P and Fitch.<\/p>\n

A great deal hangs on Moody\u2019s decision. If it downgrades the government\u2019s rand-based bond credit rating two notches to junk status, the country will be expelled from the World Government Bond Index. This will compromise its credibility as an investment destination. It will stimulate significant capital flight as international bond funds with investment-grade mandates are forced to sell off South African sub-investment grade bonds. <\/p>\n

The rand will then depreciate and the trade deficit will widen. The central bank could then be forced to hike interest rates to curb inflationary pressures. Unemployment will rise and the government\u2019s fiscal slack will be further depleted. <\/p>\n

A downgrade of the rand denominated bonds would spark economic instability, and potentially significantly weaken the country\u2019s private sector. The country\u2019s politically connected elite could respond to this crisis by seeking to consolidate political power. This could be achieved using \u201cradical economic transformation\u201d to decimate the vestiges of \u201cwhite monopoly capital.\u201d<\/p>\n

In the wake of the recent downgrades, some politicians have been peddling an illusion that the country\u2019s current woes are simply \u201cshort-term pain for long-term gain\u201d for the majority of South Africans. <\/p>\n

But the experiences of numerous countries have shown that there is no gain from going down the populist economic path \u2013 only state failure.<\/p>\n

There are tentative signs that this risk is beginning to take hold among some ANC leaders. Even Zuma\u2019s newly appointed Finance Minister began watering down the term \u201cradical economic transformation\u201d at the recent World Economic Forum Africa gathering. Instead he opted to use the phrase \u201cinclusive growth\u201d.<\/p>\n

What needs to be made clear is that the debate around \u201cwhite monopoly capital\u201d and \u201cradical economic transformation\u201d is about much more than statistics and definitions. It is about the ownership and control of both public and private capital by a politically connected elite. Thus it comes with the potential risk of turning South Africa\u2019s entire economy into a centrally controlled patronage network.<\/p>\n

\"The <\/p>\n

Sean Gossel receives funding from the University of Cape Town. <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Misheck Mutize does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond the academic appointment above.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Source:<\/strong> The Conversation \u2013 Articles (AFRICA)<\/a><\/small>
\n<\/p>\n

Read more on The Conversation<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Join the fun:<\/strong> Add Your event<\/a> | Submit a Press Release<\/a> | Add your listing<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zuma’s attack on capital is digging South Africa into a deeper hole: REUTERS\/James Oatway South Africa\u2019s governing party, the African National Congress, is adopting a dangerous political approach used in failing states like Algeria, Zimbabwe and Venezuela. Its aim is to deflect attention from its policy failures and from numerous scandals surrounding President Jacob Zuma, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4584],"tags":[428,1385,4810,8890,14349,25669,6644,3416,3576,3471],"class_list":{"0":"post-92531","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-africa-news-2","7":"tag-africa","8":"tag-attack","9":"tag-capital","10":"tag-conversation","11":"tag-deeper","12":"tag-digging","13":"tag-hole","14":"tag-into","15":"tag-south","16":"tag-zumas","17":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92531\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myza.co.za\/press\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}